Berlioz Symphony Fantastique

Berlioz Symphony Fantastique Program Notes
Born: December 11, 1803, La Côte-Saint-André, France. Died: March 8, 1869, Paris, France. As a young composer, virtually unknown outside the music field, Hector Berlioz fell head-over-heels in love with the Irish actress Harriet Smithson, who he had never met. He wrote her impassioned letters, and finally composed this symphony. Requesting that his program notes accompany performances of the work, we include them here: A young musician of morbid sensitivity and ardent imagination poisons himself with opium in a moment of despair caused by frustrated love. The dose of narcotic, while too weak to cause his death, plunges him into a heavy sleep accompanied by the strangest of visions, in which his experiences, feelings and memories are translated in his feverish brain into musical thoughts and images. His beloved becomes for him a melody and like an idée fixe, which he meets and hears everywhere. I. Daydreams, passions He remembers first the uneasiness of spirit, the indefinable passion, the melancholy, the aimless joys he felt even before seeing his beloved; then the explosive love she suddenly inspired in him, his delirious anguish, his fits of jealous fury, his returns of tenderness, his religious consolations. II. A ball He meets again his beloved in a ball during a glittering fête. III. Scene in the countryside One summer evening in the countryside he hears two shepherds dialoguing with their ǮRanz des vaches; this pastoral duet, the setting, the gentle rustling of the trees in the light wind, some causes for hope that he has recently conceived, all conspire to restore to his heart an unaccustomed feeling of calm and to give to his thoughts a happier coloring; but she reappears, he feels a pang of anguish, and painful thoughts disturb him: what if she betrayed him…One of the shepherds resumes his simple melody, the other one no longer answers. The sun sets… distant sound of thunder… solitude… silence… IV. March to the scaffold He dreams that he has killed his beloved, that he is condemned to death and led to execution. The procession advances to the sound of a march that is sometimes somber and wild, and sometimes brilliant and solemn, in which a dull sound of heavy footsteps follows without transition the loudest outbursts. At the end, the idée fixe reappears for a moment like a final thought of love interrupted by the fatal blow. V. Dream of a witches sabbath He sees himself at a witches sabbath, in the midst of a hideous gathering of shades, sorcerers and monsters of every kind who have come together for his funeral. Strange sounds, groans, outbursts of laughter; distant shouts which seem to be answered by more shouts. The beloved melody appears once more, but has now lost its noble and shy character; it is now no more than a vulgar dance-tune, trivial and grotesque: it is she who is coming to the sabbath… Roars of delight at her arrival…She joins the diabolical orgy… The funeral knell tolls, burlesque parody of the Dies Irae.Symphonie Fantastique is a groundbreaking programmatic symphony by Hector Berlioz, composed in 1830, depicting the fevered opium dream of a lovesick young artist. It is one of the most dramatic and original works in the entire orchestral repertoire.
Berlioz composed the symphony at the age of 26 in a white-hot burst of creative energy, and it was premiered in Paris on December 5, 1830, causing a sensation among the audience, which included Liszt and Paganini.
A typical performance lasts approximately 48 to 55 minutes.
A recurring theme called the idée fixe represents the artist's beloved and appears transformed in each of the five movements. The fourth movement — March to the Scaffold — depicts the hero's execution in music of terrifying power, and the finale is a witches' sabbath of diabolical energy.
Berlioz wrote Symphonie Fantastique in the grip of an obsession with Irish actress Harriet Smithson, whom he had never met but had seen perform Shakespeare in Paris. He distributed detailed programs at the premiere so audiences could follow the autobiographical story — and eventually, Harriet Smithson attended a performance, was moved to tears, and married Berlioz two years later.